financial accounting

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31 January 2010 about debenture.

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01 February 2010 hi dear, pl elaborate wht u wana ask abt debenturs, okay...
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02 February 2010

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02 February 2010 what is debenture? why company issues debenture why not shares , what are the advantage of issuing debenture?

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24 July 2024 A debenture is a type of debt instrument issued by a company or government entity to raise funds from the public or institutional investors. Here’s an explanation of what debentures are, why companies issue them instead of shares, and the advantages of issuing debentures:

### What is a Debenture?

- **Definition:** A debenture is a written acknowledgment of debt issued under the seal of the company, typically with a fixed repayment schedule and interest rate. Holders of debentures are creditors of the company and not shareholders.

- **Key Features:**
- **Fixed Income:** Debenture holders receive fixed interest payments (usually semi-annually or annually) until maturity.
- **Secured or Unsecured:** Debentures can be secured (backed by specific assets of the company) or unsecured (not backed by any collateral).
- **Maturity Date:** They have a specified maturity date when the principal amount must be repaid.

### Why Companies Issue Debentures Instead of Shares?

Companies choose to issue debentures for several reasons:

1. **Avoiding Dilution of Control:** Issuing debentures allows companies to raise funds without diluting ownership or control. Unlike shares, which represent ownership in the company, debentures do not confer voting rights or ownership stakes.

2. **Tax Benefits:** Interest paid on debentures is a tax-deductible expense for the company, reducing its taxable income. This can make debentures a more cost-effective form of financing compared to equity.

3. **Fixed Cost of Capital:** Debentures provide a predictable cost of capital since the interest rate is fixed and agreed upon at the time of issuance. This stability helps in financial planning and budgeting.

4. **Flexibility in Repayment:** Companies can structure debentures with flexible repayment terms, allowing them to match cash flows and financial obligations more effectively.

### Advantages of Issuing Debentures:

1. **Lower Cost of Capital:** Typically, the cost of debt (interest rate on debentures) is lower than the cost of equity (dividends and potential capital gains on shares). This can reduce the overall cost of capital for the company.

2. **No Dilution of Ownership:** Unlike issuing shares, debentures do not dilute ownership or control over the company. Existing shareholders retain their ownership stakes and voting rights.

3. **Tax Deductibility:** Interest paid on debentures is tax-deductible, reducing the company's taxable income and potentially lowering its overall tax liability.

4. **Security Options:** Secured debentures can be backed by specific assets of the company, providing a higher level of security for investors and potentially allowing for lower interest rates.

5. **Diverse Investor Base:** Debentures attract a different set of investors (creditors) who prefer fixed income and are willing to invest in debt securities rather than equity.

### Conclusion:

Debentures serve as a crucial financial instrument for companies seeking to raise funds while maintaining control and flexibility. They offer advantages such as fixed cost of capital, tax benefits, and no dilution of ownership, making them a preferred choice for financing specific projects, expansions, or operations. However, companies must carefully assess their financial needs, risk tolerance, and market conditions when deciding between issuing debentures or shares.

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