Which Book is Best

Accounting regulator may allow companies to amortise MTM losses.

In a major relief, Indian companies may be allowed amortisation of mark-to-market (MTM) losses on foreign currency convertible bonds (FCCBs) over the period of their maturity, as the Indian currency is hovering around its historic low.

The new norms may even allow companies to write back some of the MTM losses that they have booked in the last three quarters of the current financial year.

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the industry body regulating chartered accountants, has formed a committee to study representations made by Indian companies in this regard and is expected to change the norms within a week.

When contacted, ICAI President Uttam Prakash Agarwal said, “We have received representations on the basis of which we have formed a group to make recommendations. I am expecting this in a day or two, based on which we may make changes,” he said.

According to an analyst’s estimate, around 185 companies issued FCCBs worth $20 billion from 2004-05 to 2007-08. Out of this, about $15 billion are still outstanding while the balance got converted into equity. Most of the FCCBs are due for payment in the next two to three years.

Companies such as JSW Steel, Tata Steel and Suzlon Energy, which have outstanding FCCBs, have respectively booked Rs 815 crore, Rs 775 crore and 741 crore MTM losses in the nine months of the current financial year. The losses also include other MTM losses such as those on hedging. Tata Motors, Jubilant Orgnosys, Mahindra & Mahindra are other FCCB-issuing companies which have booked MTM losses in these nine months.

In the current quarter, the rupee has depreciated by 5.6 per cent against the US currency. At today's closing price of 51.55 today, the currency has depreciated by 28.5 per cent in the current financial year.

According to AS 11 (Accounting Standard 11) of Indian accounting standards, companies have to book the notional loss due to depreciation of the rupee on both the principal amount as well as the yield to maturity (YTM) for their outstanding FCCBs. The total notional loss is booked in the profit and loss account at the end of every quarter regardless of the period of the maturity for such FCCBs.

“If accountancy standards get changed before the end of current quarter, which we hope will happen, the mark- to-market losses can be spread over the maturity period for FCCBs,” said Prabal Banerji, group chief financial officer, Hinduja Group that owns Ashok Leyland, India’s second largest commercial vehicle maker.

“In my personal opinion if AS 11 gets changed then companies would also be able to write back extra mark-to- market losses booked in the previous quarter of the current financial year,” he said.

With the slump in the stock markets, companies don’t expect their FCCBs to be converted into equity as their stocks are available at a much lower price than the conversion price fixed at the time of issuing the FCCBs.

The mounting pressure of repayment of FCCB debt prompted the Reserve Bank of India to allow companies to buy back their outstanding FCCBs up to $50 million. However, companies have not been able to utilise this window completely due to the difficulty in finding sellers at right price. The window gets closed on March 31, but so far only $150 million worth of FCCBs have been repurchased.

An investment banker said some companies were waiting for clarity on the accountancy guidelines for amortising the mark-to-mark losses on FCCBs as it would help them in repurchasing the FCCBs.