1.1. e‐Freight and requirements
We let e‐Freight denote the use of an electronic device that can be used for entering, storing and
accessing information, equivalent to the information of the waybill. We also assume there are
electronic mechanisms that can replace the role of proofing that the carrier has received and
delivered the goods (i.e. equivalent to the signature and stamp of sender, carrier and consignee).
Hence we make the assumption that supporting functions for handling the electronic signatures and
access to the information will be present. Further we make the assumption for maintaining legality
that authorities, such as customs, should have a standardized interface for reading information of the waybill