1) Incase of a refund, debit the bank account and credit the profit and loss appropriation account in the year in which the refund is received.
2) It really won't matter the way in which you treat the loss, in case you do carry forward the loss as a debit balance in subsequent years in subsequent years after you set off the loss from the profit the net amount transfered to the capital account will remain the same
The only difference it will make is when you fixed capital accounts and no operation through the current account. In such cases ,not debiting the loss to capital accounts will let their balance remain the same next year and more interest on capital will be debited (incase you are giving interest on capital ) in the next years.