PART I — FORM OF BALANCE SHEET
[The balance sheet of a company shall be either in horizontal form or vertical form:
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HORIZONTAL FORM
BALANCE SHEET OF ........................................................................................................................
(Name of the company) ...................................AS AT........................................................ (Date as at which it is made out)
Figures for the P.Y. (Rs.) L I A B I L I T I E S Figures for the C.Y.
(Rs.)Figures for the P.Y. (Rs.) A S S E T S Figures
for the C.Y.
(Rs.)SHARE CAPITAL (Refer Note A)
Authorised/Shares
Of Rs.... each
Issued/Shares
Of Rs.... each
Subscribed/Shares
Of Rs.... each
Called up Rs.... per Share
Of the above shares ……… shares are allotted as fully paid-up pursuant to a contract with out payments being received in cash,
Less: Unpaid calls
1. By directors.
2. By others.
3. By Managing agent or secretaries and treasures and where the managing agent or secretaries and treasures are a firm, by the partners there of, and the managing agent or secretaries and treasures are a private company, by the directors members of that company.
Add: Forfeited shares (amount originally paid –up)
Reserves & Surplus (Refer Note B)1. Capital Reserves.
2. Capital Redemption Reserve.
3. Share Premium Account
4. Other Reserves specifying the nature of each reserve and the amount in respect thereof.Less: Debit balance in profit and loss account, if any
5. Balance in the profit and loss accounts after providing for proposed allocation namely Dividend, Bonus or Reserves
6. Proposal additions to Reserves
7. Sinking FundsSECURED LOANS (Refer Note C)
1. Debentures
2. Loans and Advances from Banks
3. Loans and Advances from Subsidiaries
4. Other Loans and Advances
UNSECURED LOANS (Refer Note D)
1. Fixed Deposits
2. Loans and Advances from Subsidiaries
3. Short-term Loans and Advances:
a. From Banks
b. From others
4. Other Loans and Advances
c. From Banks
d. From others
CURRENT LIABILITIES & PROVISIONS (Refer Note E)
A. Current Liabilities
1. Acceptances
2. Sundry Creditors
3. Subsidiary companies
4. Advance payments and unexpired discounts for the portion for which value has still to be given e.g. in the case o f the following classes of companies:—
Newspaper, Fire Insurance, theatres, clubs, banking, steamship, companies, etc.
5. Unclaimed Dividends
6. Other Liabilities
7. Interest Accrued but not due on loans
B. Provisions
8. Provision for Taxation
9. Proposed Dividends
10. For contingencies
11. For Provident Fund Scheme
12. For Insurance, pension and similar staff benefit schemes
13. Other provisions
(A foot note to the balance – sheet may be added to show separately: -
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (Refer Note F)
1. Claims against the company not acknowledged as debts
2. Uncalled liability on shares partly paid
3. Arrears of fixed cumulative dividends
4. Estimated amount of contracts remaining to be executed on capital account and not provided for
5. Other money for which the company is contingently liable
FIXED ASSETS (Refer to Note No. G)
Distinguishing as far as possible between expenditure upon
1. Goodwill
2. Land
3. Buildings
4. Leaseholds
5. Railway Sidings
6. Plant and Machinery
7. Furniture and Fittings
8.DevelopmenT of Property
9. Patents, trademarks and designs
10. Livestock
11. Vehicles etc.
INVESTMENTS (Refer Note H)
Showing nature of investment and the mode of valuation for example at cost or market value and distinguishing between:
1. Investments in Govt. or Trust Securities
2. Investments in shares, debentures or bonds
3. Immovable properties
4. Investments in the capital of partnership firms
5. Balance of unutilized monies raised by Issue
CURRENT ASSETS, LOANS & ADVANCES (Refer Note I)
A. Current Assets
1. Interest accrued on investments
2. Stores and spare parts
3. Loose tools
4. Stock-in-trade
5. Works-in-progress
6. Sundry debtors:
a. Debts outstanding for a period exceeding 6 months
b. Other debts
Less: Provision
7. a. Cash balance on hand
b. Bank balances:
i. With Scheduled Banks
ii. With Others.
B. Loans and Advances
8. Advances and Loans
a. To subsidiaries
b. To partnership firms in which the co./its subsidiary is a partner
9. Bills of Exchange
10. Advances recoverable in cash or in kind or for value to be received; e.g., Rates, Taxes, Insurance, etc.
11. Balances with Customs, Port Trust, etc. (where payable on demand).
MISCELLANEOUS EXPENDITURE
(to the extent not written off or adjusted)
1. Preliminary Expenses
2. Expenses including commission/ brokerage on underwriting or subscripttion of shares or debentures
3. Discount allowed on issue of shares or debentures
4. Interest paid out of capital during construction (also stating the rate of interest)
5. Development expenditure not adjusted
6. Other items (Specifying nature)
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT
Total
Total
A. Share Capital
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Terms of redemption or conversion (if any) of any redeemable preference shares must be stated, together with the earliest date of redemption or conversion.
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Particulars of any option on unissued share capital should also be specified.
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Particulars of the different classes of preference shares to be given.
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In case of forfeited shares, amount originally paid-up should be shown. Any profit on reissue of forfeited shares should be transferred to capital reserve.
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In case of subsidiaries companies, the number of shares held by the holding company as well as by the ultimate holding company and its subsidiaries must be separately stated.
The Auditor is not required to certify the correctness of such shareholdings as certified by the management. -
The ‘issued capital’ and ‘subscribed capital’ must be distinguished into various classes of capital; viz. preference and equity, and the particulars specified hereunder must be given separately for each of them.
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Shares allotted as fully paid-up by way of bonus shares, should be separately disclosed. The source from which the bonus shares are issued must also be specified; e.g., by capitalisation of reserves or profits or from share premium account, etc.
B. Reserves and Surplus
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Additions and deductions in the reserves since last balance sheet must be shown under each of the specified heads.
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The word ‘fund’ in relation to any ‘reserve’ must be used only where such reserve is specifically represented by earmarked investments.
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The item ‘Share Premium Account’ shall include the details of its utilization in the manner provided in S. 78 in the year of its utilization.
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The debit balance in the profit and loss account should be shown as a deduction from the uncommitted reserves, if any.
C. Secured Loans
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The nature of security must be specified in each case.
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Terms of redemption or conversion (if any) of debentures issued must be stated together with earliest date of redemption or conversion.
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Loans from directors and managers must be shown separately, under each sub-head.
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Interest accrued and due on secured loans should be included under appropriate sub-heads under the head "Secured Loans".
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Where loans have been guaranteed by directors and managers, a mention thereof shall also be made and also the aggregate amount of such loans under each head.
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Particulars of redeemed debentures which the company has power to reissue should be given.
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Where any of the company’s debentures are held by a nominee or a trustee for the company, the nominal amount of the debentures and the amount at which they are stated in the company’s books shall be stated.
D. Unsecured Loans
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Loans from Directors; or Manager should be separately shown.
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Interest accrued and due on unsecured loans must be included under the appropriate sub-heads under the head "Unsecured Loans".
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Short-term loans will include those loans which are due for not more than 1 year as on the date of the balance sheet.
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Where loans have been guaranteed by the managers and directors a mention thereof should be made and also the aggregate amount of such loans under each head
E. Current Liabilities and Provisions
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The name(s) of the small-scale undertaking(s) to whom the company owes a sum exceeding Rs. 1,00,000/- together with interest which is outstanding for more than 30 days are to be disclosed.
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Current account balances with directors, and manager, shall be shown separately.
As per the Notification of Ministry of Corporate Affairs dated 16th November, 2007 Notification No. GSR 719(E).— In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 641 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), the Central Government hereby makes the following further alterations in Schedule VI to the said Act, namely:—
1. In the said Schedule, in "Part I — Form of Balance-Sheet, under heading-A. Horizontal Form", —
(1) in the first column relating to "Instructions in accordance with which Liabilities should be made out", for the second paragraph appearing against the sub-heading "CURRENT LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS", occurring in the second column, the following paragraph shall be substituted, namely : -
"The following shall be disclosed under notes to the accounts:—
(a) the principal amount and the interest due thereon (to be shown separately) remaining unpaid to any supplier as at the end of each accounting year;
(b) the amount of interest paid by the buyer in terms of section 16 of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006, along with the amount of the payment made to the supplier beyond the appointed day during each accounting year;
(c) the amount of interest due and payable for the period of delay in making payment (which have been paid but beyond the appointed day during the year) but without adding the interest specified under the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006;
(d) the amount of interest accrued and remaining unpaid at the end of each accounting year; and
(e) the amount of further interest remaining due and payable even in the succeeding years, until such date when the interest dues as above are actually paid to the small enterprise, for the purpose of disallowance as a deductible expenditure under section 23 of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006.
(2) in the second column, relating to "Liabilities", under the heading "current liabilities and provisions", after item (2), the following sub-items shall be substituted, namely:-
(a) total outstanding dues of micro enterprises and small enterprises; and
(b) total outstanding dues of creditors other than micro enterprises and small enterprises
(3) In the "Notes" embodying General Instructions for preparation of balance sheet, for item (q), the following shall be substituted, namely:-
(q) the terms ‘appointed day’, ‘buyer’, ‘enterprise’, ‘micro enterprise’, ‘small enterprise’ and ‘supplier’, shall be as defined under clauses (b), (d), (e), (h), (m) and (n) respectively of section 2 of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006.
2. This notification shall come into force on the date of its publication in the Official Gazette; it was published in Official Gazette on 25th January, 2008.
F. Contingent liabilities
These are to be shown by way of a footnote and their amounts do not form part of the total of the balance sheet.
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In case of arrears of fixed cumulative dividends, the period for which the dividends are in arrears or if there is more than one class of shares, the dividends on each of such class are in arrears, shall be stated separately. The amount shall be stated before deduction of income tax except that in the case of tax-free dividends the amount shall be shown free of income tax and the fact that it is so shown must be stated.
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The amount of any guarantee given by the company on behalf of the directors or other officers of the company should be stated. The contingent liabilities with their general nature and amount of each such contingent liability, if material, should be stated.
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The Estimate amount of Contracts remaining to be executed on capital account & not provided for.
G. Fixed Assets
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Under each head, the following details have to be separately given:
(a) Original cost of the asset.
(b) Additions thereto and deduction therefrom during the year.
(c) Total depreciation written off or provided up to the end of the year.
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Where the original cost of the asset cannot be ascertained without unreasonable expense or delay, the valuation shown by the books must be given. Such valuation shall be the net amount at which the asset stood in the company’s books at the commencement of the Companies Act, 1956, after deduction for depreciation etc.
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Where any sum has been written off on a reduction of capital or revaluation of assets, every balance sheet (after the first balance sheet) subsequent to such reduction or revaluation must show the reduced figures and the date of the reduction in place of original cost. For a period of five years, the amount of the reduction made shall also be stated.
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Points (2) and (3) does not apply to any adjustment made therein.
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Similarly, where sums have been added by writing up the asset, each subsequent balance sheet, shall show the increased figures with the date of the increase in place of original cost. For a period of five years, the amount of the increase shall also be stated.
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Depreciation written off or provided should be allocated under the different heads of assets and deducted in arriving at the value of the fixed assets.
H. Investments
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Investments in shares, debentures or bonds must be classified into fully paid or partly paid and into different classes of shares and to also show investments in shares, debentures or bonds of subsidiary companies.
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The investments shall be distinguished between quoted and unquoted investments and where quoted, the market value must be shown.
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All unutilised monies out of the issue must be separately disclosed in the Balance Sheet of the company indicating the form in which such unutilised funds have been invested.
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A statement of investment (whether shown under "Investment" or under "Current Assets" as stock–in-trade) separately classifying into trade investments and other investments should be annexed to the balance sheet, showing the names of bodies corporate (showing separately the names of the bodies corporate under the same management) in whose shares or debentures, investments have been made (including all investments, whether existing or not the date as at which the previous balance sheet was made out ) and the nature and extent of the investment so made in each such body corporate; provided that in the case of an investment company, that is to say, a company whose principal business is the acquisition of shares, stock, debentures or other securities, it shall be sufficient if the statement shows only the investments existing on the date as at which the balance sheet has been made out. In regard to the investments in the capital of partnership firms, the names of the firms (with the names of all their partners, total capital and the shares of each partner) shall be given.
I. Current Assets, Loans and Advances
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In case of stores and spare parts, stock-in-trade and work-in-progress, the mode of valuation shall be stated. Amount in respect of raw materials should be stated separately wherever practicable.
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If, in the opinion of the Board, any of the current assets, loans and advances have not a value on realisation in the ordinary course of the business at least equal to the amount at which they are stated, the fact that the Board is of that opinion shall be stated.
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In regard to sundry debtors particulars should be given separate in respect of:
(a) Debts considered good and in respect of which the company is fully secured.
(b) Debts considered good for which the company holds no security other than the debtor’s personal security, and
(c) Debts considered doubtful or bad.
A separate disclosure should also be made in respect of following:
(d) debts due by —
(i) directors or other officers of the company or
(ii) any of them either severally or jointly with any other person or
(iii) debts due by firms or private companies respectively in which any director is a partner or a director or a member to be separately stated.
(e) debts due from other companies under the same management within the meaning of sub-section (1B) of S. 370, to be disclosed together with the names of such cos.
(f) the maximum amount due by directors or other officers of the company at any time during the year to be shown by way of a note.
The term "Sundry Debtors" has been defined to include "the amounts due in respect of goods sold or services rendered or in respect of other contractual obligations". It does not, however, include amounts which are in the nature of loans or advances.
The provision for bad and doubtful debts under the head ‘sundry debtors’ should not exceed the amount of debts stated to be considered bad or doubtful. Any surplus of such provision should be shown as reserve for bad or doubtful debts under the head ‘Reserves and Surplus’ on the liabilities side.
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In regard to ‘bank balances’, the following particulars should be given:
(a) the balance lying with scheduled banks on current accounts, call accounts and deposit accounts;
(b) the names of the bankers (other than scheduled banks) and the balances lying with each such banker on current accounts, call accounts and deposit accounts, and the maximum amount outstanding at any time during the year from each such banker; and
(c) the nature of the interest, if any, of any director or his relative in each of the banks, referred to in (b) above.
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All unutilised monies out of the issue must be separately disclosed in the balance sheet of the company indicating the form in which such unutilised funds have been invested.
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In regard to loans and advances, all instructions regarding ‘Sundry Debtors’ would apply to "Loans and Advances" also.
The amounts due from other companies under the same management within the meaning of S. 370(1B) shall be given with the names of such companies.
The maximum amount due from every one of such companies at any time during the year must also be stated.
Current accounts with directors and managers should be shown separately. -
In case of investment in shares, debentures, etc. classified under current assets as stock-in-trade information as per paras 5 and 6 above under ‘Investment’ shall also be given separately.
J. Profit & Loss Account
The debit balance of profit and loss account should be shown as a deduction from the free or uncommitted reserves, if any.
K. Other general instructions
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If the required information cannot be given conveniently in the given in the balance sheet itself, it may be furnished in separate schedules annexed to and forming part of the balance sheet. This is recommended where items are numerous.
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Naye Paise can also be given in addition to rupees, if desired.
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Dividends declared by subsidiary companies after the date of the balance sheet should not be included unless they are in respect of the period which closed on or before the date of the balance sheet.
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Any reference to benefits expected from contracts to the extent executed shall not be made in the balance sheet but shall be made in the Board’s Report.
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Except in the case of the first balance sheet laid before the company, the corresponding amounts for the immediately preceding financial year for all items shall also be shown. The requirements in this behalf shall, in the case of companies preparing quarterly or half yearly accounts, etc., relate to the balance sheet for the corresponding date in the previous year.
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A small-scale industrial undertaking has the same meaning as assigned to it under clause (j) of sec. 3 of the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951.
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The figures in the balance sheet may be rounded off as under:
Where the turnover of the company in any financial year is:
Round off permissible to the nearest
(i) Less than one hundred crore rupees
Hundreds or thousands, or decimals thereof.
(ii) One hundred crore rupees or more but less than five hundred crore upees
Hundreds, thousands, lakhs or millions, or decimals thereof.
(iii) Five hundred crore rupees or more lakhs,
Hundreds, thousands, millions, or crores or decimals thereof.
(Inserted by Notification No. GSR 545(E) dated 1-8-2002.)
B. VERTICAL FORM
| Name of the company Balance Sheet as at | ||||||
| Sch. No. | Figures as at the end of the current financial year (Rupees) | Figures as at the end of the previous financial year (Rupees) | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
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I. Sources of funds (a) Shareholders’ Funds:
(b) Loan funds
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| Total |
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II. Application of funds (a) Fixed assets:
(b) Investments: (c) Current assets, loans and advances
(d) (i) Miscellaneous expenditure to the extent not written off or adjusted (ii) Profit and loss account |
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| TOTAL | ||||||
Notes:
Details under each of the above items shall be given in separate Schedules. The Schedules shall incorporate all the information required to be given under A Horizontal Form read with notes containing general instructions for preparation of balance sheet. The Schedules, referred to above, accounting policies and Explanatory notes that may be attached shall form an integral part of the balance sheet. See the other requirements shall be as mentioned in Horizontal format to the extent they are applicable. Note from the Compilers: As per the requirements of the AS 22, "Accounting for Taxes on Income" issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Any Deferred Tax Assets created as per the above standard, will have to be disclosed below the investments and above the current assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities will have to be disclosed below the unsecured loans. The above items are not prescribed in Schedule VI.
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