Restricted stock units-income tax implication

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Facts:

1. An individual who is an employee of a Company in India has been given RSU and ESPP of a Foreign Company (USA) during 2016-17. This he has exercised as per the vesting schedule and he has been issued certain number of stocks.

2. While granting stocks certain number of stocks are withheld to meet tax liability in US and after reducing these stocks, the balance is given to the employee. Tax certificates, i.e. 1042-S is made available to employee.

2. Indian company where he is an employee, also has calculated perquisite based FMV on this and properly deducted TDS  and remitted the TDS and issued Form 16 for 2016-17 and it is properly reflecting in Form 16 Part A and Part B.

3. Employee wants to file his ITR for 2016-17. He wants to avail DTAA benefits and wants to know if any refund is possible. Employee is an Oridnary Resident in India during 2016-17.

Queries:

1. Whether tax has suffered twice both in US and also in India in this case? If yes, whether employee can claim DTAA credit or refund?

2. What is the tax implication of stocks which have been withheld for meeting US tax liability. Whether this should be considered as Sale for Capital Gain taxation in India? If yes, any credit can be claimed as tax is already withheld in US in the form of stocks. What is the DTAA benefits in this case?

3. Is there any tax return which an employee should file in US in this case? Is there any due date? (Employee is a Resident in India during 2016-17)

 

 

Replies (10)
In most of these cases, the perquisite tax is deducted according to Indian laws. There is no deduction for paying tax to US govt, hence no application of DTAA feasible. Please revert if employee has received a statement showing tax deduction for payment to US govt.
In any case since the tax payment for vesting for RSU/ESPP is considered as TDS for Salary, it's very unlikely for employer to overcharge. But can't be ruled on a case basis. What is the overall %age tax deducted in this case.
*can't be ruled out*

Thanks a lot for your reply Neeraj.

Regarding withholding the below documents are given by the Employer to the Employee:

1. Form 1042-S. This is for witholding of taxes in USA which is filed by the Agent who handles this RSU/ESPP.  I am not sure if this is the certificate for deduction. Pls share your views on this document. The employer shared calculation sheet also which says 30% is withheld in the form of stock towards taxes in USA. 

2. Form 16A-Part A and Part B. This is for Indian TDS, which I very well understand. TDS is properly deducted as a perquisite considering Indian Income Tax requirements.

I am not sure if the taxes have suferred twice in this case i,e., both in USA and India, please help me to understand.

A few pointers for your reference:

1) "A nonresident alien (NRA) usually is subject to U.S. income tax only on U.S. source income"

https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/nonresident-aliens-source-of-income

2) "Amounts subject to reporting on Form 1042-S are amounts paid to foreign persons even if the withholding agent did not withhold tax because the income was exempt from tax under a U.S. tax treaty..."

https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-taxpayers/income-subject-to-nra-withholding

My take:

If employee has performed services in India, then he is not liable for US tax as it is not US sourced income.

MNCs with employees in India generally submit W8-Ben to US brokers to avoid any withholding related to US taxes. However they still withhold taxes for India with the US broker itself. These are reported in perquisites form. I have first hand experience of this process till FY2010-11. Things might have changed now, however laws around 'US Source of Income' still seem to be pretty same.

Feel free to share ESOP details with me without personal details, I can take a look.

 

Thanks a lot, Neeraj.

Please share your email ID, I will send the details as I can convey the facts more clearly. Hope it is not too much of a trouble.

No problem at all. You can send me an email at neeraj (at) finnirv.com.

Thank you Neeraj ji. I will post my queries through email as it is slighlty complicated...

Hey Hi...even i have a client who has sold RSU in FY 17-18....can you please advise what treatment was considered by you..

 

Really appreaciate your quick turnaround.

Hi i am facing the same problem and i have the same question regarding the DTA. Where you able to figure out taxation part. If yes please share with me


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