IILUSTRATION 1: Mr. X and MR Y are engaged in buying and selling shares. They intend to buy and sell-off the
shares off the stock exchange i.e. without going to any broker. There is a share called “TQS”. They enter in a
transaction to buy (Mr. X is the Buyer) and Sell (Mr. Y is the seller) on 12.3.2004, without giving or taken actual
delivery of the shares. The spot rate on the transaction date is 1005.00 per share and the qty under transaction is 100
shares. The buyer stands to gain if the share prices shoot up and similarly the seller will make profit if the prices go
down. Now let us say on 31.03.2004, they decide to cancel the transaction and the spot price on that date is Rs1500.00 per share. Since the market price has gone up, Mr. X will gain Rs. (1500-1005) X 100 = Rs. 49500.00 and there
is no actual delivery of the shares.
Now Mr. Y will mislay the same amount and will book it as loss in his books. The predicament with these types of
transactions is that it is very difficult to know whether they actually occurred or are deceptive, because they were
never recorded with any third party.
May be this wud help u to understand..:)