Bharti and MTN deal failure

Do you mean to ask - Why the deal did not go through?

In short, the South African Government wanted the merged company to have dual listing in South Africa and India, as condition for allowing the merger to go through.

Under the current Indian regime, it is not possible to have dual listings where one I can buy shares in India and sell on another exchange outside India, as this amounts to capital account convertibility and you know it is not allowed in India so far.