Bank Accounts

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Savings Bank Account

A Saving Bank account (SB account) is meant to promote the habit of saving among the people. It also facilitates safekeeping of money. In this scheme fund is allowed to be withdrawn whenever required, without any condition. Hence a savings account is a safe, convenient and affordable way to save your money. Bank deposits are fairly safe because banks are subject to control of the Reserve Bank of India with regard to several policy and operational parameters. Bank also pays you a minimal interest for keeping your money with them.

Features:

The minimum amount to open an account in a nationalized bank is100. If cheque books are also issued, the minimum balance of500 has to be maintained. However in some private or foreign bank the minimum balance is500 or more and can be up10,000. One cheque book is issued to a customer at a time.

A Savings account can be opened either individually or jointly with another individual. In a joint account only the sign of one account holder is needed to write a cheque. But at the time of closing an account, the sign of the both the account holders are needed.

Return:

The interest rate of savings bank account in India varies between 2.5% and 4%. In Savings Bank account. The rate of interest may change from time to time according to the rules of Reserve Bank of India. One can withdraw his/her money by submitting a cheque in the bank and details of the account, i.e the Money deposited, withdrawn along with the dates and the balance, is recorded in a passbook.

Advantages:

It's much safer to keep your money at a bank than to keep a large amount of cash in your home. Bank deposits are fairly safe because banks are subject to control of the Reserve Bank of India with regard to several policy and operational parameters. The federal Government insures your money. Saving Bank account does not have any fixed period for deposit. The depositor can take money from his account by writing a cheque to somebody else or submitting a cheque directly. Now most of the banks offer various facilities such as ATM card, credit card etc. Through debit/ATM card one can take money from any of the ATM centres of the particular bank which will be open 24 hours a day. Through credit card one can avail shopping facilities from any shop which accept the credit card. And many of the banks also give internet banking facility through with one do the transactions like withdrawals, deposits, statement of account etc.

How to open:

Savings Bank Account can be opened in the name of an individual or in joint names of the depositors by filling up the appropriate forms. A minor who have completed ten years of age can also open and operate the account. At the time of opening an account one must submit the documents like photocopy of passport or Electoral card, Postal identification cards as address proof and two passport size photos.

Most banks also require an introduction for opening an SB account. The introduction may be obtained either from an existing account holder or from a respectable citizen, well known to the bank, who should normally call on the bank and sign in the column specially provided for the purpose of introduction in the account opening form. 

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Bank Recurring Deposit

The Recurring deposit in Bank is meant for someone who want to invest a specific sum of money on a monthly basis for a fixed rate of return. At the end, you will get the principal sum as well as the interest earned during that period. The scheme, a systematic way for long term savings, is one of the best investment option for the low income groups.

Features

:
The minimum investment of Recurring Deposit varies from bank to bank but usually it begins from Rs 100/-. There is no upper limit in investing. The rate of interest varies between 7 and 11 percent depending on the maturity period and amount invested. The interest is calculated quarterly or as specified by the bank. The period of maturity ranging from 6 months to 10 years.

The deposit shall be paid as monthly installments and each subsequent monthly installment shall be made before the end of the calendar month and shall be equal to the first deposit. In case of default in payment, a default fee is chargeable for delayed deposit at the rate of Rs. 1.50/- for every Rs. 100/- per month for deposits up to 5 years and Rs. 2/- per Rs. 100/- in case of longer maturities.

Since a recurring deposit offers a fixed rate of return, it cannot guard against inflation if it is more than the rate of return offered by the bank. Worse, lower the gap between the interest rate on a recurring deposit and inflation, lower your real rate of return. Premature withdrawal is also possible but it demands a loss of interest.

Returns:
The rate of interest varies between 7 and 11 percent depending on the maturity period and amount invested. The interest is calculated quarterly or as specified by the bank.

Amount invested per month Maturity amount in 2 years
(5%interest)
Rs 100 Rs 2626
Rs 500 Rs 13,132
Rs 750 Rs 19,698
Rs 3,000 Rs 78,792

Advantages:
Some Nationalised banks are giving more facilities to their customer, State Bank of India give Free Roaming Recurring Deposit facility to their customers. They can transfer their account to any branch of SBI free. Tax benefit on the interest earned on Recurring Deposit up to Rs 12000 Tax Deductible at source if the interest paid on deposit exceeds Rs 5000/-per customer, per year, per branch.

How to open an Account:
A Recurring Bank Deposit account can be opened at any branch of a bank that offers this facility. However, some banks insist that you maintain a savings bank account with them to operate a Recurring Bank Deposit account. The terms and conditions vary from bank to bank. When a depositor opens a Recurring Bank Deposit account with a bank, a pass-book or an account statement is issued to him.  

 

Bank Fixd Deposits

A fixed deposit is meant for those investors who want to deposit a lump sum of money for a fixed period; say for a minimum period of 15 days to five years and above, thereby earning a higher rate of interest in return. Investor gets a lump sum (principal + interest) at the maturity of the deposit.

Bank fixed deposits are one of the most common savings scheme open to an average investor. Fixed deposits also give a higher rate of interest than a savings bank account. The facilities vary from bank to bank. Some of the facilities offered by banks are overdraft (loan) facility on the amount deposited, premature withdrawal before maturity period (which involves a loss of interest) etc. Bank deposits are fairly safer because banks are subject to control of the Reserve Bank of India.

Features:
Bank deposits are fairly safe because banks are subject to control of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) with regard to several policy and operational parameters. The banks are free to offer varying interests in fixed deposits of different maturities. Interest is compounded once a quarter, leading to a somewhat higher effective rate.

The minimum deposit amount varies with each bank. It can range from as low as Rs. 100 to an unlimited amount with some banks. Deposits can be made in multiples of Rs. 100/-.

Before opening a FD account, try to check the rates of interest for different banks for different periods. It is advisable to keep the amount in five or ten small deposits instead of making one big deposit. In case of any premature withdrawal of partial amount, then only one or two deposit need be prematurely encashed. The loss sustained in interest will, thus, be less than if one big deposit were to be encashed. Check deposit receipts carefully to see that all particulars have been properly and accurately filled in. The thing to consider before investing in an FD is the rate of interest and the inflation rate. A high inflation rate can simply chip away your real returns.

Returns:
The rate of interest for Bank Fixed Deposits varies between 4 and 11 per cent, depending on the maturity period (duration) of the FD and the amount invested. Interest rate also varies between each bank. A Bank FD does not provide regular interest income, but a lump-sum amount on its maturity. Some banks have facility to pay interest every quarter or every month, but the interest paid may be at a discounted rate in case of monthly interest. The Interest payable on Fixed Deposit can also be transferred to Savings Bank or Current Account of the customer. The deposit period can vary from 15, 30 or 45 days to 3, 6 months, 1 year, 1.5 years to 10 years.

Duration Interest rate (%) per annum
15-30 days 4 -7 %
30-45 days 5-8 %
46-90 days 6-8 %
91-180 days 6.5-9.5 %
181-365 days 7-9.5 %
1-1.5 years 8.5-10.25 %
1.5-2 years 8.5-10.5 %
2-3 years 9-10.5 %
3-5 years 9.5-10.5 %
5 years 9.5-11 %

Advantages:
Bank deposits are the safest investment after Post office savings because all bank deposits are insured under the Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee Scheme of India. It is possible to get a loans up to75- 90% of the deposit amount from banks against fixed deposit receipts. The interest charged will be 2% more than the rate of interest earned by the deposit. With effect from A.Y. 1998-99, investment on bank deposits, along with other specified incomes, is exempt from income tax up to a limit of Rs.12, 000/- under Section 80L. Also, from A.Y. 1993-94, bank deposits are totally exempt from wealth tax. The 1995 Finance Bill Proposals introduced tax deduction at source (TDS) on fixed deposits on interest incomes of Rs.5000/- and above per annum.

How to apply:
One can get a bank FD at any bank, be it nationalised, private, or foreign. You have to open a FD account with the bank, and make the deposit. However, some banks insist that you maintain a savings account with them to operate a FD. When a depositor opens an FD account with a bank, a deposit receipt or an account statement is issued to him, which can be updated from time to time, depending on the duration of the FD and the frequency of the interest calculation. Check deposit receipts carefully to see that all particulars have been properly and accurately filled in. 


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