You can claim the input tax credit on capital goods. However, you cannot claim input credit on all purchases. For example, input tax cannot be availed when you buy goods and services for your personal use. You cannot claim input credit if the purchase invoice is older than one year in most cases.
You can take credit of input tax in respect of inputs held in stock which has been purchased in the last 1 year. You have to file FORM ITC-01 to claim this credit. The invoice from the supplier need not have your GSTIN mentioned.