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The expression "ratification" was precisely defined by the English Court in one old case, Hartman v. Hornsby as under "Ratification" is the approval by act, word, or conduct, of that which was attempted (of accomplishment), but which was improperly or without proper authority performed in the first instance."
The executive management of a company is responsible for the day-to-day functioning of the company. The Companies Act, 2013 has used the term key managerial personnel to define executive management. The key managerial personnel are the point of first contact between the company and its stakeholders.
The regulators has imposed restrictions for related party transactions for empowering protection to the minority shareholders' interests through requirement of the approval of the shareholders through a resolution for all material related party transactions, wherein all the related party of the company refrain from voting.
A company incorporated outside India have an option to have an office in India by way of a branch office (BO), a liaison office (LO) and a project office (PO). ..
A favorable business environment is a prerequisite for the economic growth of a nation. A country like India which is among the fastest developing countries in the world has the potential to surpass the leading countries in terms of business.
Globalization has paved way for international financing which helps the organization to engage in cross-border transactions with foreign business partners, such as customers, investors, suppliers, and lenders. Indian companies have an option to mobilize funds through ECB mode from the foreign market to have optimum capital structure.
In a recent decision of Gujarat High Court in case of Munjaal Manishbhai Bhatt vs UoI & Ors. High Court held that value of land can be excluded from levy of..
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) vide its notification dated June 01, 2022, has notified The Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Amendment Rules, 2022, and the said rules are applicable from immediate effect i.e. June 01, 2022.
The concept of a One Person Company is newly added in the Companies Act, 2013. Before the enactment of the Companies Act, 2013 there was no concept of One Person Company.
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